1917

1917: Lenin, Wilson, and the Birth of the New World Disorder  by Arthur Herman, Harper Perennial, 2017. 

Before World War I, nations were motivated by selfish, pragmatic national interests. After 1917, some national leaders were motivated by utopian ideals. In particular, Woodrow Wilson and Vladimir Lenin were both influenced by Hegel; Lenin via Karl Marx. Both Wilson and Lenin believed in statism. Wilson believed in the German Historical School, which held that what was right and wrong depended on the culture and the time. Wilson rejected the belief of the Founding Fathers that moral rules were for all times and all cultures. Wilson believed that the ideals of the founders were obsolete.